Crushing and cracking machine



v6.1. LUGT.

CRUSHNG AND CRACKING MACHINE.

APPucATloN FILED 0m20.191s.

1 ,82 1,652. Patented Nov. 11, 1919.

l 2 SHLETS--SHEET I.

6.1. LUGT.

CRUSHING AND CRACKING MACHINE.

APPLlcAloN FILED 11Ec.20. ma.

1,321,652. 1 Patented Nov. 11, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

t 7 fig-41 j GERARD Jorian nner, oF Aivlisrnnnalyr, NETHEaLANps.

CRUSHING' ANI) GRACKING MACHINE.

lSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Non 11 1,919

Application filed' December 20, 1918. Serial No. 267,674.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GERARD Jorian LUGT, subject of the Queen of the Netherlands, residing at Amsterdam, Kingdom of the Netherlands, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Crushing and Cracking Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a crushing and cracking-machine of the kind in which, of two groups of crushing and cracking elements, all elements of one groupv rotate with the same velocity on one axle and all elements of the other grouprotate on a second axle.

The crushing and cracking-machine according t0 the present invention is characterized by its simple construction and great capacity.

A further feature of the present invention consists therein that the degree of compres` sion of the material to be cracked can be regulated and that when materials of different volumes are simultaneously cracked, the compression 0f said materials can be adjusted according to the dimensions of the materials treated. p

These results are obtained by arranging the crushing or cracking elements in such way, as to cause each crushing and cracking-element of one group to coperate with a crushing and cracking-element of the other group, while all crushing and cracking elements of one group rotate with the exclusion of any other movement on one axle and those of the other group rotate also with the exclusion of any other movement on a Second axle. This second axle is disposed in alinement with the first one, and both axles lie within the circles described by the outer ends of both groups of crushing and cracking elements. The said axles being arranged in such way that within each revolution the cooperating crushing and cracking elements are once' approaching to and once moving away from each other.

According to the present invention the coperating crushing and cracking elements approach each other while describing an angle of 180 degrees and move away from -each other while describing the subsequent V180 degrees of the circle of revolution.

An advantage obtained by this invention consists in providing for the degree of com: pression to be altered at; different ways,

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating one embodiment of my invention;

Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of the machine on the line A-i-B of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 represents a vertical cross section of the same'on the line C-D of Fig. Il.

Fig. 3 represents a similar view through the gearing 8 and 9 and proximate parts on 'the line E-F of Fig. l, the shaft l() being shown in elevation.

Fig. l represents a detail view in perspectlve of the crushing and cracking elements 5 arranged in such a manner on the hub 3 that the crushing surfaces lie in planes passing longitudinally'through the axes of rotation. i

A pair of supporting standards l provided with sockets have a shaft 2 (Figs. l to 3) fixed in the latter, said shaft consisting of two elements or sections mounted end to endl n approximate alinement with, but eccentric to, each other and bearing respectively hubs 3 and 4 which rotate thereon. Hub carries the crushing and cracking clements 5,r whilehub 4: carries the crushing and cracking elements 6, the latter having their outer ends shaped into curved spoonlike scoops 14:. The shafts or shaft sections cpnstitute supporting axles for the series of elements; These groups of elements 5 and 6 arev provided respectively with circular series of cog teeth constituting racks 7 which mesh respectively with cog gear wheels 8 and Qcarried by a driving shaft 10 rotatably mounted in bearings 11 on supporting standards l, this shaft being driven by any convenient means; for example, by a pulley and the coperating belt.

The wheel 8 is fastened to shaft 10 by a pin l2 strong enough to bear the strain of a predetermined load, but adapted to break lwhen this load is exceeded.

As shown in Fig. 4, the crushing and cracking elements may lie in the planes passing longitudinally through the axes of rotation.

The crushing and cracking operation takes place' as follows:

As shown in Figs. l and 2, the hubs 3 and 4 are'placed end to end in such a way that each crushing and cracking element 5 lies between two crushing and cracking elements 6, and vice versa, for thepurpose of ycausing each crushing and cracking element 5 to eoperate witha crushing and cracking y element 6 and of effecting the crushing besaid spaces are diminishing during the ro- Y tation of said elements' Vin the direction marked by an arrow in Fig. lgfthe said spaces becoming the smallest after said elements having reached the position marked d; from here the said spaces gradually increase till ythe crushing and cracking elements have again attained thek position marked e. Y During the rotationof the crushing and cracking elements from' the positioncj into Vthe position the spaces between thev cooperating elementsV are first filled with -ina- Aterials caught by the catchers, whereafter the said materials are crushed and cracked,

andV during the rotation of the crushingand cracking elements from d to c thecrushed and cracked materials are, first removed from the spaces formed by the coperating 'Veleinents, whereafter fresh materials to be treated are caught by the catchers 14.

When the spaces betweenv the coperating crushing Vand cracking elements are filled withl the materials to be treated at that moment -atv which saideleinents are in the 3'5 position marked c, the greatestcompression 1s attained, for in that case the materials to be treated f are compressed while the crushing and cracking elements are traveling through the sector of`an angle of'180 degrees'. lf, on thecontrary, the spaces between the coperating crushing and cracking elementsV are onlylled whenV said elementshave reached the position marked e in l!`ig.`l";*the angle between the positions c V` ing and cracking Velements are traveling or, in other words, the materials treated are compressed to asmaller degree. s

' It results', from,v this that thedegree of compression can.` bez` regulated by altering y"or adjusting the place where the materials Q are fed into the-machinewith regardQto the (5o-machine and notpossessinjg' slidable shells 'position' in which the space betweenfthe' cooperating crushing sand crackingfelements is theV greatest.

YOn the other hand', whennsing feeding device rigidly' fixed to the framework of the 18, or lmeans Yworking in a similar way, the Y degree of kcompression of-gthey `"materials treated'v can -arls'olbeV regulated by' varyirrgv the zposition c at whichV the space between the coperating crushing and cracking elements is the greatest with relation to the rigidly fixed feeding device.

lf, for example, for the purpose of being able to make use of the gravity for the filling and emptying of the spaces between the ooperating elements, the shaft 2 is mounted in its bearings in such a manner that the axle of said shaft and the axles of the two eccentric sections of same all lie in the same vertical plane, then the coperating elements .will `approach each other during the rotation when moving above the horizontal plane passing through the middle of the distance between the axles of the two eccentric sections, and said elements will move away from each other whenmoving under y'said horizontal plane.

lf now the rigidly fixed feeding place being, of course, left unchanged, the shaft 2 is turned in its bearings over an angle of, say, 80 degrees, then the plane going through the axis of said shaft 2 and throu h the axes of the two eccentric sections of said shaftas well as the plane passing through the middle of the distance between the axes Vof the two eccentric sections, and standing perpendicular on the first mentioned plane, will also be turned 30 degrees. l

In consequence thereof, the points from which the coperating elements start for the purpose either to approach or to move away from each other will kbe altered in such way that the line connecting said points will form an angle of 30 degrees with the said horizontal plane, and the point in which the space betweentwo coperating elements is the greatest will be displaced in relation to the unchanged feeding place with 30 degrees.

The degree of compression of a whole charge may, therefore, be regulated eithei by displacing the feeding place or by turning the shaft 2 in its bearings.

-f j In order, however, that on the bigger maand c being,say, Qdegrees, the said materials are only compressed while the crushterials of a given charge a. greater compressing action inay be exercised than to the y s smaller ones; in other words, in 'order to throughc the sector of 180,-60- 120 degrees;

l ing fed or filled into the said hopper, while the other materials, due to their smaller size, are falling down into the lower spaces of saidphopper .and are only compressed and finely crushed at the innerends of the said coperating elements. As` these coperating elements in the meantime have continued their rotation, the compression` or crushing of the smaller materials only begins when, after the compression of the bigger materials have started, the crushing and cracking elements have rotated or have described a certain angle.

The size of said angle depends on the velocity of rotation of the crushing elements; at a slow rotation the said cooperating elements will only describe a small angle and the smaller materials willthus rapidly fall through, due to their own weight. In case, however, of the cooperating elements rotat ing with great velocity, the angle described by the cooperating crushing and cracking elements is greater and the centrifugal force produced is neutralizing the action of the gravity.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In a machine of the kind and for the purpose set forth, two axles arranged end to end, but eccentric toeach other, in combination with two opposed rotary series of cooperating crushing elements, supported. by said axles, the elements of said two series being arranged alternately with the elements of one series overlapping those of the other series and the eccentricity of said axles being arranged to bring the crushing elements of the two series nearer to each other during a. part of the rotation `and to gradually lSeparate them during the remainder of the rotation.

2. In a machine of the kind and for the purpose set forth, a shaft having two sections arranged end to end, but eccentric to each other, in combination with two hubs mounted on said sections which serve as their axles, two rotary series of opposed cooperating alternately arranged crushing elements carried by said hubs, and means for rotating said hubs severally but at the 'same velocity, the eccentricity of the shaft sections being arranged to `bring the crushing elements of the two series gradually nearer to each other during a part of the rotation and to gradually separate them during the remainder of the rotation.

8. In a machine of the kind and for the purpose set forth, two axles arranged end to end, but eccentric to each other, in com'bination with two rotary series of opposed crushing elements supported by said axles, two circular series of cog teeth turning with said series of crushing elements respectively, a shaft carrying a pair of gear wheels which mesh with said series of cog teeth respec tively, one of said gear wheels being fastened to said shaft by means of `a pin which will give way under a predetermined strain.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GERARD JOHAN LUGT.

Vitnesses D. KLEE'N, M. ALVARADO.

Copies of this patent may be obtained lfor five cents each, by addressing the Cpmmissoner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

